References of The Farm Carbon Calculator
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This list of references is correct as of the date indicated at the top of this document and applies only to the methodology version indicated. Where a reference has been superseded by another in the latest methodology, this is indicated at the start of each reference as SUPERSEDED. Superseded references remain for reports created at a time when a previous methodology was in use.
References
- 1SUPERSEDED: Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy (2020). Government greenhouse gas conversion factors for company reporting. Accessed on 16/03/2023 Link
- 1aSUPERSEDED: Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy (2020). Government greenhouse gas conversion factors for company reporting: methodology. Accessed on 16/03/2023 Link
- 2Hammond & Jones (2011). The Inventory of Carbon & Energy (ICE) database v2.0. Accessed on 16/03/2023 Link
- 2aJones (2019).The Inventory of Carbon & Energy (ICE) database v3.0. Accessed on 16/03/2023 Link
- 3Williams et al. (2006). Determining the environmental burdens and resource use in the production of agricultural and horticultural commodities. DEFRA project report ISO205. Accessed on 16/03/2023 Link
- 4SUPERSEDED: Brown et al. (2017). UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory, 1990 to 2017: Annual Report for submission under the Framework Convention on Climate Change. Accessed on 20/03/2023 Link
- 4aSUPERSEDED: Brown et al. (2017). Annexes to the UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory, 1990 to 2017: Annual Report for submission under the Framework Convention on Climate Change. Accessed on 20/03/2023 Link
- 5Andersen et al. (2010). Quantification of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Windrow Composting of Garden Waste. Journal of Environmental Quality 39(2): 713-724 Link
- 6Cuttle et al. (2003). A Review of Leguminous Fertility-Building Crops, with Particular Reference to Nitrogen Fixation and Utilisation Written as a Part of Defra Project OF0316 “The Development of Improved Guidance on the Use of Fertility-Building Crops in Organic Farming”. Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research: Aberystwyth, Wales, 2003. Link
- 7Phong (2012). Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Composting and Anaerobic Digestion Plants. INRES, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation. Bonn, D-53115. Link
- 8Amon et al. (1999). Emissions of NH3, N2O and CH4 from composted and anaerobically stored farm yard manure. Ramiran 98 posters presentations. Accessed on 16/03/2023 Link
- 9SUPERSEDED: Farm Carbon Toolkit (2017). Internal calculations
- 10SUPERSEDED: Woodland Carbon Code (2018). Carbon Lookup tables v2.0. Accessed on 30/05/2022 Link
- 11Clark (2007). Cover crops—United States—Handbooks, manuals, etc. Sustainable Agriculture Network. 3rd edition. Link
- 12GHG protocol (2017). Calculating HFC and PFC emissions from the manufacturing, servicing, and/or disposal of refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment. Calculation worksheets v1.0. Accessed on 30/05/2022 Link
- 13Duplicate: Taylor et al. (2010). Measuring holistic carbon footprints for lamb and beef farms in the cambrian mountains initiative. CCW Policy Research Report No. 10/8
- 14Bentrup et al. (2016). Carbon footprint analysis of mineral fertilizer production in Europe and other world regions. Conference paper. Accessed on 30/05/2022 Link
- 15SUPERSEDED: Berners-Lee (2010). How bad are bananas? The carbon footprint of everything. Profile Books, London
- 16Warwick HRI (2009). Preliminary assessment of greenhouse gases associated with growing media materials. DEFRA project report IF0154 Link
- 17Wiltshire et al. (2008). Scenario building to test and inform the development of a BSI method for assessing greenhouse gas emissions from food (Technical annexe to the final report). DEFRA project report FO0404 submitted by ADAS. Accessed 02/05/2023 Link
- 18SUPERSEDED: GFLI (2020). Database of livestock feeds and environmental impacts. Accessed 30/05/2022 Link
- 19SUPERSEDED: Farm Carbon Toolkit (2017). Internal calculations
- 20SUPERSEDED: McNaughton. (Comms). Correspondence with David McNaughton (Soya UK Managing Director) on crop yields and residues
- 21Taft et al. (2017). GHG from intensively managed peat soils in an arable production system. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 237: 162-172. Link
- 22Axe et al. (2017). Carbon storage in hedge biomass - A case study of actively managed hedges in England. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 250: 81-88. Link
- 23Ostle et al. (2009). UK land use and carbon sequestration. Land Use Policy 26S: S274-S283. Link
- 24Chishna et al. (2010). Embodied carbon in natural building stone in Scotland. Historic Scotland, Technical Conservation Group. Technical Paper 7. SISTech Ltd and Harold-Watt University. Link
- 25Falloon et al. (2004). Managing field margins for biodiversity and carbon sequestration: A Great Britain case study. Soil Use and Management. 20 (2): 240-247. Link
- 26Kerckhoffs & Reid (2007). Carbon sequestration in the standing biomass of orchard crops in New Zealand. NZ Institute for Crop & Food Research Ltd. report for Horticulture New Zealand Ltd. Link
- 27Carlisle et al. (2010). California vineyard greenhouse gas emissions: assessment of the available literature and determination of research needs. California sustainable wine growing Alliance. Accessed on 30/05/2022 Link
- 28Vicente-Vicente et al. (2016). Soil carbon sequestration rates under Mediterranean woody crops using recommended management practices: A meta-analysis. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 235: 204-214. Link
- 29Dondini et al. (2009). The potential of Miscanthus to sequester carbon in soils: comparing field measurements in Carlow, Ireland to model predictions. GCB Bioenergy 1: 413-425. Link
- 30Rytter.(2012). The potential of willow and poplar plantations as carbon sinks in Sweden. Biomass and Bioenergy. 36:86-95. Link
- 31Grogan & Matthews (2002). A modelling analysis of the potential for soil carbon sequestration under short rotation coppice willow bioenergy plantations. Soil Use and Management 18: 175-183. Link
- 32Ventura et al. (2019). Carbon balance and soil carbon input in a poplar short rotation coppice plantation as affected by nitrogen and wood ash application. New Forests. 50. 969-990. Link
- 33Turner et al. (2015). Greenhouse gas emission factors for recycling of source-segregated waste materials. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 105 (A): 186-197. Link
- 34SUPERSEDED: Foss (Comms).Personal communications with Chris Foss (Wine GB)
- 35COFALEC (2015). Carbon footprint of yeast produced in the European Union. Produced by PriceWaterhouseCooper for COFALEC. Accessed 30/05/2022 Link
- 36Nica & Woinarocschy (2010). Environmental Assessment of Citric Acid production. UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series B. Chemistry and Materials Science. 72 (3):45-56. Link
- 37AHDB & HGCA (2014). Carbon footprint decision tool. 10. Field Operations. Accessed 21/03/2023 Link
- 38Moller et al. (2009). Anaerobic digestion and digestate use: accounting of greenhouse gases and global warming contribution. Waste Manag Res. 27 (8): 813-24. Link
- 39Vergana & Silver (2019). GHG emissions from windrow composting of organic wastes: Patterns and emissions factors. Environmental Research Letters. 14 (12) 124027. Link
- 40Audsley et al. (2009). Estimation of the greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural pesticide manufacture and use. Cranfield University. 10. Accessed 30/05/2022 Link
- 41Yara (2017). Yara International ASA. Carbon footprint - fertilizer products. Verified by DNV GL. Accessed on 25/04/2023 Link
- 42CF (Unavailable).CF Fertiliser range (under reconsideration, reference material unavailable)
- 43Schwarzbeck et al. (2015). Determining national greenhouse gas emissions from waste-to-energy using the Balance Method Determining national greenhouse gas emissions from waste-to-energy using the Balance Method. Waste Management. 49:263-271. Link
- 44Warner et al. (2020b). Establishing a field-based evidence base for the impact of agri-environment options on soil carbon and climate change mitigation – phase 2. Final Report. Work package number: ECM50416. Evidence Programme Reference number: RP04176. Natural England. Link
- 45Farm Carbon Toolkit (Ongoing). Soil Carbon Project. See the FCT site for more information. Link
- 46Barnes (Comms). Personal communications with Joseph Barnes (Saria UK)
- 47Fertilizers Europe (2011). Carbon footprint reference values - mineral fertilizer carbon footprint reference values: 2011. Link
- 48Brentrup et al. (2018). Updated carbon footprint values for mineral fertilizer from different world regions. LCA Food 2018 and LCA AgriFood Asia 2018: (1-B) From Farm to Table. Conference paper accessed on 30/05/2022 Link
- 49Sylvester-Bradley et al. (2015). Minimising nitrous oxide intensities of arable crop products (MIN-NO). AHDB Cereals & Oilseeds/ Project Report No. 548. Accessed on 30/05/022 Link
- 50AHDB (2017). Nutrient Management Guide - RB209. Accessed on 30/05/2022 Link
- 51Thorman et al. (2020). Towards Country-Specific Nitrous Oxide Emission Factors for Manures Applied to Arable and Grassland Soils in the UK. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems. 4:62. Link
- 52Liang & Kasimir (2019). Chapter 11: N2O Emissions from Managed Soils, and CO2 Emissions from Lime and Urea Application. Refinement to 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (pp. 11.1-11.48) Publisher: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Link
- 53IPCC (2020). Climate Change and Land - An IPCC Special Report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems. Summary for policy makers. ISBN 978-92-9169-154-8. Link
- 54Haverkort and Hillier (2011). Cool Farm Tool – Potato: Model Description and Performance of Four Production Systems. Potato Res. 54, 355–369 Link
- 55SUPERSEDED: Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy (2021). UK Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting 2021. Accessed on 30/05/2021 Link
- 56PET Recycling Team (2017). Certificate of carbon footprint for PCF Model ALPHA Bottles rPET produced using EcoInvent 3.3. Accessed on 30/05/2021 Link
- 57SUPERSEDED: Idemat database (2020). ECO-costs 2017 v1.6. Accessed on 30/05/2021 Link
- 58SUPERSEDED: Woodland Carbon Code (2021). Woodland Carbon Code Carbon Calculations Spreadsheet Version 2.4. Accessed 30/05/2021 Link
- 59SUPERSEDED: Brown et al. (2021). UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990 to 2019: Annual Report for submission under the Framework Convention on Climate Change. Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy. Accessed on 30/05/2022 Link
- 59aSUPERSEDED: Brown et al. (2021). Annexes to the UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory 1990 to 2019: Annual Report for submission under the Framework Convention on Climate Change. Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy. Accessed on 30/05/2022 Link
- 60Bizarro et al. (2021). Potential carbon footprint reduction for reclaimed asphalt pavement innovations. Sustainability 13(3):1382 Link
- 61GHG Protocol (2014). Agricultural Guidance Interpreting the Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard for the agricultural sector. GHG Protocol Agricultural Guidance. Accessed on 02/03/23 Link
- 62Carbon Trust (2021). Certification Letter - British Sugar - 2020 LimeX extension. Carbon Trust CERT-10235
- 63Warner et al. (2020a). Establishing a field-based evidence base for the impact of agri-environment options on soil carbon and climate change mitigation – phase 1. Final Report. Work package number: ECM50416. Evidence Programme Reference number: RP04176. Natural England. Link
- 64SUPERSEDED: Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy (2022). Greenhouse gas reporting: conversion factors 2022. Accessed on 04/01/2023 Link
- 65SUPERSEDED: Brown et al. (2022). UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory, 1990 to 2020. Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy. Accessed on 05/01/2023 Link
- 66SUPERSEDED: Brown et al. (2022). UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory 2020 annexes. Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy. Accessed 05/01/2023 Link
- 67Wilms et al. (2022). Macronutrient profile in milk replacer or a whole milk powder modulates growth performance, feeding behavior, and blood metabolites in ad libitum-fed calves. J. Dairy Sci. 105:6670–6692 Link
- 68Finnegan et al. (2017). Environmental impacts of milk powder and butter manufactured in the Republic of Ireland. Science of the Total Environment 579 (2017) 159–168 Link
- 69Sánchez et al. (2012). Comparison of Life Cycle energy consumption and GHG emissions of natural gas, biodiesel and diesel buses of the Madrid transportation system. Energy 47(1):174-198 Link
- 70Smyth et al. (2015). Developing Peatland Carbon Metrics and Financial Modelling to Inform the Pilot Phase UK Peatland Code. Report to Defra for Project NR0165, Crichton Carbon Centre, Dumfries. Link
- 71Carbon Intelligence (2021). Encirc LCA for wine bottle, green glass, conducted by Carbon Intelligence.
- 72Budsberg et al. (2020). Production routes to bio-acetic acid: life cycle assessment. Biotechnol Biofuels 13:154 Link
- 73Bellboom et al. (2015). Environmental impacts of phosphoric acid production using di-hemihydrate process: a Belgian case study. Journal of Cleaner Production 108A: 978-986 Link
- 74Naukkarinen (2023). Life Cycle Assessment Study of a Sulfuric Acid Manufacturing Process in the Chemi-cal Pulping Industry. Masters thesis, Lappeenranta–Lahti University of Technology LUT. Accessed 27/04/2023 Link
- 75Origin (2020). RSK ADAS Limited certificate of cradle-to-gate carbon footprint at the plant gate (Origin Newport) of Origin CAN
- 76Origin (2020). RSK ADAS Limited certificate of cradle-to-gate carbon footprint at the plant gate (Origin Newport) of Origin 14-14-21 + 7SO3 + 0.02B
- 77Origin (2020). RSK ADAS Limited certificate of cradle-to-gate carbon footprint at the plant gate (Origin Newport) of Origin 16-16-16 + 7SO3 + 0.02B
- 78Origin (2020). RSK ADAS Limited certificate of cradle-to-gate carbon footprint at the plant gate (Origin Newport) of Origin 10-10-20 + 7SO3 + 0.02B
- 79Ogle et al. (2019). Refinement to 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Volume 4 - Agriculture, forestry and other land use. Chapter 2 - Generic methodologies applicable to multiple land use categories (pp. 2.33) Publisher: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Link
- 80International Organisation of Vine and Wine (2017). Methodological recommendations for accounting for the GHG balance in the vitiviniculture sector. Paris, France. ISBN 979-10-91799-75-1 Link
- 81Baldini et al. (2017). A critical review of the recent evolution of Life Cycle Assessment applied to milk production. Journal of Cleaner Production 140: 421e435 Link
- 82Evans et al. (2022). Aligning the Peatland Code with the UK Peatland Inventory. Report to Defra and the IUCN Peatland Programme, March 2022 (Updated January 2023) Link
- 83Farm Carbon Toolkit (2023). Report for Mercian Seed potato supplier farm (England) for cropping year 2022. Link
- 84Farm Carbon Toolkit (2023). Report for Mercian Seed potato supplier farm (Scotland) for cropping year 2022. Link
- 85SUPERSEDED: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (2023). Greenhouse Gas Reporting: Conversion Factors 2023 (flat file .csv) Published 07/06/2023, accessed on 01/12/2023 Link
- 86SUPERSEDED: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (2023). Greenhouse Gas Reporting: Conversion Factors 2023 (full file .xls) Published 07/06/2023, accessed on 01/12/2023 Link
- 87Drexler, Thiessen, & Don (2023). Carbon storage in old hedgerows: The importance of below-ground biomass. GCB Bioenergy, 16, e13112. Link
- 88Biffi, Chapman, Grayson, Ziv (2022). Soil carbon sequestration potential of planting hedgerows in agricultural landscapes. Journal of Environmental Management, 307, 114484. Link
- 89Biffi, Chapman, Grayson, Ziv (2023). Planting hedgerows: Biomass carbon sequestration and contribution towards net-zero targets. Science of the Total Environment, 892, 164482. Link
- 90Wang et al. (2017). Comparison of greenhouse gas emissions of chemical fertilizer types in China's crop production. Journal of Cleaner Production. 141, 1267-1274. Link
- 91Meinrenken et al. (2022). The Carbon Catalogue public database – Carbon footprints of 866 commercial products across 8 industry sectors and 5 continents. figshare. Dataset. Link
- 92aSUPERSEDED: Brown et al. (2023). UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory, 1990 to 2021. Department for Energy Security and Net Zero. Accessed on 08/03/2024 Link
- 92bSUPERSEDED: Brown et al. (2023). UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory, 1990 to 2021 Annexes. Department for Energy Security and Net Zero. Accessed on 08/03/2024 Link
- 92cSUPERSEDED: Brown et al. (2023). UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory, 1990 to 2021 Supplementary file with emission factors for the agriculture sector. Department for Energy Security and Net Zero. Accessed on 08/03/2024 Link
- 93Gavrilova et al. (2019). Chapter 10: Emissions from Livestock and Manure Management. Refinement to 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (pp. 10.1 - 10.207) Publisher: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Link
- 94Liang & Kasimir (2019). Chapter 11: N2O Emissions from Managed Soils, and CO2 Emissions from Lime and Urea Application. Refinement to 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (pp. 11.1-11.48) Publisher: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Link
- 95Vogtlander (2024). Idemat dataset V1-2. Accessed on 05/03/2024 Link
- 96aRB209 (2023). Nutrient Management Guide: Section 1. Principles of Nutrient Management and Fertiliser Use. Accessed on 08/03/2024 Link
- 96bRB209 (2023). Nutrient Management Guide: Section 2. Organic Materials. Accessed on 08/03/2024 Link
- 97Steel Insight (2011). Technical notes. Last accessed on 25/03/2024 Link
- 98ForFarmers (2024). Data on feed composition provided by ForFarmers, December 2023.
- 99Crossland (2015). The carbon sequestration potential of hedges managed for woodfuel. The Organic Research Centre. Last accessed on 25/03/2024 Link
- 100Taylor et al. (2010). Measuring holistic carbon footprints for beef and lamb in the Cambrian Mountains Initiative. CCW Policy Research Report No. 10/8"> Link
- 101Robertson et al. (2012). Economic, biodiversity, resource protection and social values of orchards: A study of six orchards by the Herefordshire Orchards Community Evaluation Project. Natural England Commissioned Report NECR090 Link
- 102SUPERSEDED: Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (2023). Greenhouse Gas Reporting: Conversion Factors 2023 (full file .xls) Published 07/06/2023, accessed on 01/12/2023 Link
- 103Evans Vanodine (2024). Technical Hub - Carbon Calculator. Last accessed on 07/10/2024 Link
- 104Woodland Carbon Code (2024). Calculation Spreadsheet. Link
- 105The Global Feed LCA Institute (2023). Database of livestock feeds and environmental impacts. Link
- 106ISO (2018). ISO146064-1: Second Edition 2018-12. Part 1: Specification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions and removals. Link
- 107aDepartment for Energy Security and Net Zero (2024). Greenhouse Gas Reporting: Conversion Factors 2024 (full file .csv) Published 08/06/2024, accessed on 14/03/2025 Link
- 107bDepartment for Energy Security and Net Zero (2024). Greenhouse Gas Reporting: Conversion Factors 2024 (flat file .csv) Published 08/06/2024, accessed on 14/03/2025 Link
- 108Circular Ecology (2024). The Inventory of Carbon and Energy (ICE) Database Advanced V4.0. Published Dec 2024, accessed on 14/03/2024 Link
- 109Idemat database (2024). Data on Eco-costs 2024 V1.0 Accessed on 25/03/2025 Link
- 110Marshalls Plc (2023). Environmental Product Declaration Concrete Paving Flags - Standard Wet Pressed. Link
- 111aBrown et al. (2024). UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory, 1990 to 2022. Annual Report for Submission under the Framework Convention on Climate Change. Accessed on 25/03/2025. Link
- 111bBrown et al. (2024). UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory, 1990 to 2022 Annexes. Accessed on 25/03/2025. Link
- 111cBrown et al. (2024). UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory, 1990 to 2022 Supplementary Information. Accessed on 25/03/2025. Link
- 112Hutchinsons (2023). Fertiliser Formulations provided by Hutchinsons (2023).
- 113Prusova et al. (2023). Capture of fermentation gas from fermentation of grape must. Foods, 12(3), p.574. Link
- 114Webb et al (2024). The impacts of manure application methods on emissions of ammonia, nitrous oxide and on crop response—A review, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 137 (2010) 39–46 Link
- 115Misselbrook et al. (2021). Inventory of ammonia emissions from UK agriculture. Rothamsted Research, Defra Contract SCF0107 Link
- 1162019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use. Chapter 3: Consistent Representation of Lands, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Available at: Link
- 1172019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use. Chapter 4: Forest Land, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Available at: Link
- 1182019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use. Chapter 5: Cropland, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Available at: Link
- 1192019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use. Chapter 6: Grassland, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Available at: Link
- 1202019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use. Chapter 7: Wetlands, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Available at: Link
- 1212019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 4: Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use. Chapter 8: Settlements, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Available at: Link
Data Quality Matrix
Click here to read an overview of how this page can help and see its full contents
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Purpose of the Data Quality Matrix
The Data Quality Matrix is a tool designed to systematically assess and communicate the reliability and relevance of the data sources used within our carbon calculator. It helps users understand the strengths and limitations of the underlying data by scoring key dimensions such as accuracy, completeness, timeliness, transparency, and geographical relevance.
Because our calculator aggregates data from diverse studies, inventories, and reports, the matrix ensures transparency about data quality and supports informed interpretation of the results. Importantly, data quality is not static—our data represents the best available information at the time but is continually updated as new research, improved measurements, or refined understanding become available.
It is worth noting that even data originating from the same source can receive different accuracy scores depending on the assumptions involved in its application. For example, while a base emission factor may be highly accurate - i.e. we have a good value for plastic - estimates involving assumptions - such as the quantity of plastic used in round bale wrap - can lower the accuracy rating for that specific item.
Scoring System
Click here to open the scoring system
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Accuracy (A)
This measures how close the data is to the real world value.
1 = Bad; placeholder value or guesswork
2 = Poor; rough estimate with significant assumptions
3 = Reasonable estimate or proxy with known limitations
4 = High confidence data with minimal assumptions
5 = Verified data from measurements or direct source
Completeness (C)
This looks at whether the data covers the full range of what's needed (e.g. all product types or categories) and all components of the emissions.
1 = Very incomplete; most options missing
2 = Significant gaps limiting coverage
3 = Partial coverage with some key data missing
4 = Minor gaps; mostly complete set
5 = Complete data set covering all relevant options
Timeliness (Ti)
This assesses how current the data is. Changing technologies and regulations are common in the climate field so keeping data current is key.
1 = Very outdated (20+ years) or no datestamp
2 = Old data (10–20 years)
3 = Moderately outdated data (5–10 years)
4 = Slightly outdated data (2–5 years)
5 = Current (within 1 year)
Transparency (Tr)
Evaluates whether the source, methodology, and assumptions are clearly stated and accessible.
1 = Not given; unknown origin
2 = Minimal documentation
3 = Known source but derivations unclear
4 = Source clear but some documentation missing
5 = Fully documented, public, and verifiable
Geographical relevance (G)
This indicates how well the data reflects UK systems.
1 = No specified region
2 = Global data
3 = Climate zone relevant
4 = Europe relevant
5 = UK specific data
Fuels references
Click here to open the Fuels section
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| Ref ID | Source | A | C | Ti | Tr | G | Total | Relevant items |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liquid fuels | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All. |
| 69 | Sanchez et al 2012 (Madrid transport study) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 12 | Ad blue |
| Gas fuels | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | All. |
| 38 | Møller et al., 2009 (Danish AD study) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 12 | AD gas used on farm |
| 61 | GHG Protocol - Agricultural guidance | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 15 | AD gas exported to grid |
| Solid fuels | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All. |
| Electricity | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | Tariffs |
| 61 | GHG Protocol - Agricultural guidance | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 15 | Elec exported to the grid |
| Heat & Steam | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Cars (& Contracted Cars) | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Public transport | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Accommodation | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Field Operations (& Contracted Field Operations) | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| 37 | AHDB fuel use tool | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 15 | All |
Materials References
Click here to open the Materials section
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| Ref ID | Source | A | C | Ti | Tr | G | Total | Relevant items |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aggregates | ||||||||
| 108 | ICE V4(2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | All |
| 2 | ICE V2 (2012) | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 17 | Roof sheets |
| 60 | Bizarro et al., 2021 (Reclaimed Asphalt) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 21 | Recycled Asphalt |
| Bricks & Tiles | ||||||||
| 108 | ICE V4(2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | All |
| Metal | ||||||||
| 108 | ICE V4(2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | All |
| 2 | ICE V2 (2012) | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 17 | Recycled Steel |
| Wood | ||||||||
| 108 | ICE V4(2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | All |
| Fencing | ||||||||
| 108 | ICE V4(2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | All |
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | Plastic parts |
| Water Systems | ||||||||
| 108 | ICE V4(2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | Steel & Rubber |
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | All |
| Water & Sewage | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Horticultural Packaging | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | All |
| Agricultural Consumables | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | All |
| 108 | ICE V4(2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | Steel parts |
| 109 | Idemat (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 20 | Jute & Sisal |
| Cleaners & Detergents | ||||||||
| 103 | Evans Vanodine | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 24 | All |
| Building Materials | ||||||||
| 108 | ICE V4(2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | All |
| 2 | ICE V2 (2012) | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 17 | Windows & roofing sheets |
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | Glass, insulation, plasterboard |
| Horticultural Materials | ||||||||
| 2 | ICE V2 (2012) | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 17 | Windows & roofing sheets |
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | Glass, insulation, plasterboard |
| Horticultural Constructions | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | Plastic parts |
| 108 | ICE V4(2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | Steel parts |
| Tyres | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | All |
| Renewable Energy Installations | ||||||||
| 108 | ICE V4(2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | All |
| 2 | ICE V2 (2012) | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 17 | Solar panels |
| Office | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | All |
| 108 | ICE V4(2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | Printed media |
| 109 | Idemat (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 20 | Computers |
| Surfaces and Paving | ||||||||
| 108 | ICE V4(2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | All |
| 60 | Bizarro et al., 2021 (Reclaimed Asphalt) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 21 | Recycled Asphalt |
| EQUINE: Arena Surface Materials | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | All |
| 108 | ICE V4(2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | Sand |
| EQUINE: Fencing | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | All |
| 108 | ICE V4(2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | Wood |
Inventory references
Click here to open the inventory section
▶
| Ref ID | Source | A | C | Ti | Tr | G | Total | Relevant items |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Road vehicles | ||||||||
| 91 | The Carbon Catalogue | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 12 | Cars |
| Farm machinery | ||||||||
| 3 | Williams et al., 2006 (production of commodities) | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 16 | All |
| 108 | ICE (2024) | 3 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 20 | Steel parts |
| Implements | ||||||||
| 108 | ICE (2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | Steel parts |
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | Plastics |
| Agricultural buildings | ||||||||
| 108 | ICE (2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | Steel parts |
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | Plastics & wood |
| 97 | Steel insight (Building frame overview) | 4 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 18 | All |
| EQUINE: Road vehicles | ||||||||
| 108 | ICE (2024) | 3 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 20 | Steel parts |
| EQUINE: Arenas, menages, & schools | ||||||||
| 108 | ICE (2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | Aggregates |
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | Plastics & wood |
| EQUINE: Stables | ||||||||
| 108 | ICE (2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | Aggregates |
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | Plastics & wood |
Cropping and Fertility references
Click here to open the crops section
▶
| Ref ID | Source | A | C | Ti | Tr | G | Total | Relevant items |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural crops | ||||||||
| 111 | UK GHG inventory (1990-2022) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 22 | All |
| 94 | IPCC chapter 11 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 17 | All |
| Horticultural crops (vegetables) | ||||||||
| 111 | UK GHG inventory (1990-2022) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 22 | All |
| 94 | IPCC chapter 11 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 17 | All |
| Horticultural crops (Soft Fruits) | ||||||||
| 111 | UK GHG inventory (1990-2022) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 22 | All |
| 94 | IPCC chapter 11 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 17 | All |
| Horticultural crops (Top Fruits) | ||||||||
| 111 | UK GHG inventory (1990-2022) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 22 | All |
| 94 | IPCC chapter 11 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 17 | All |
| Market Garden crops | ||||||||
| 111 | UK GHG inventory (1990-2022) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 22 | All |
| 94 | IPCC chapter 11 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 17 | All |
| Biomass crops | ||||||||
| 111 | UK GHG inventory (1990-2022) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 22 | All |
| 94 | IPCC chapter 11 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 17 | All |
| Green manures, temporary grasslands and cut forages | ||||||||
| 111 | UK GHG inventory (1990-2022) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 22 | All |
| 94 | IPCC chapter 11 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 17 | All |
| Tree crops | ||||||||
| N/A | No Emissions factors | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | All |
| Organic fertility sources | ||||||||
| 94 | IPCC chapter 11 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 17 | All |
| 51 | Thorman et al., 2020 (Manure application) | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | All |
| 96 | AHDB, RB209 section 1 (2023) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 23 | All |
| 114 | Webb et al., 2010, (Application approaches) | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 16 | All |
| AD plants | ||||||||
| 7 | Phong et al., 2012 (GHG from AD plants) | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 18 | Running an AD plant |
| 38 | Møller et al., 2009 (Danish AD study) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 12 | AD gas loss |
| Lime & mineral fertilisers | ||||||||
| 3 | Williams et al., 2006 (production of commodities) | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 16 | All |
| 111 | UK GHG inventory (1990-2022) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 22 | All |
| 109 | Idemat (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 20 | Acids |
| 90 | Wang et al., (K fertiliser) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 15 | Pot sulfate |
| Plant raising media | ||||||||
| 16 | DEFRA 2009 (Growing media report) | 3 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 17 | All |
| 108 | ICE (2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | Rockwool |
| Seed Potatoes | ||||||||
| 111 | UK GHG inventory (1990-2022) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 22 | Generic |
| 94 | IPCC chapter 11 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 17 | Generic |
| 83 | FCT LCA of English seed | 3 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 17 | English |
| 84 | FCT LCA of Scottish seed | 3 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 17 | Scottish |
Inputs references
Click here to open the inputs section
▶
| Ref ID | Source | A | C | Ti | Tr | G | Total | Relevant items |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fertilisers (Average blends) | ||||||||
| 48 | Bentrup et al., 2018 (Mineral fertilisers) | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 19 | All |
| 49 | Sylvester-Bradley et al, 2015 (MIN-NO project) | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 23 | All |
| 94 | IPCC Chapter 11 (2019) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 21 | All |
| Fertilisers (Solid specific blends) | ||||||||
| 48 | Bentrup et al., 2018 (Mineral fertilisers) | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 19 | All |
| 49 | Sylvester-Bradley et al, 2015 (MIN-NO project) | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 22 | All |
| 94 | IPCC Chapter 11 (2019) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 21 | All |
| Fertilisers (Liquid specific blends) | ||||||||
| 48 | Bentrup et al., 2018 (Mineral fertilisers) | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 19 | All |
| 49 | Sylvester-Bradley et al, 2015 (MIN-NO project) | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 22 | All |
| 94 | IPCC Chapter 11 (2019) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 21 | All |
| Fertilisers (Custom blends) | ||||||||
| 48 | Bentrup et al., 2018 (Mineral fertilisers) | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 19 | All |
| 49 | Sylvester-Bradley et al, 2015 (MIN-NO project) | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 22 | All |
| 94 | IPCC Chapter 11 (2019) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 21 | All |
| Sprays (Generic) | ||||||||
| 40 | Audsley et al., 2009 (Pesticide manufacture) | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 17 | All |
| Sprays (Specific) | ||||||||
| 40 | Audsley et al., 2009 (Pesticide manufacture) | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 17 | All |
| Adjuvants | ||||||||
| 18 | GFLI (2020) | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 21 | Veg oils |
| 86 | BEIS [DESNZ] (2023) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | Petroleum oils |
| Amino acids | ||||||||
| 91 | The Carbon Catalogue (2022) | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 19 | All |
Livestock references
Click here to open the Livestock section
▶
| Ref ID | Source | A | C | Ti | Tr | G | Total | Relevant items |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Livestock (animals) | ||||||||
| 111 | UK GHG inventory (1990-2022) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 22 | All |
| 94 | IPCC chapter 11 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 17 | All |
| 93 | IPCC chapter 10 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 17 | All |
| Organic feed | ||||||||
| 17 | ADAS (2009) | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 19 | All |
| Non-Organic feed (ADAS) | ||||||||
| 17 | ADAS (2009) | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 19 | All |
| Non-Organic feed (GFLI) | ||||||||
| 105 | GFLI (2020) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 22 | All |
| Straw, Silage, Hay & Haylage | ||||||||
| 17 | ADAS (2009) | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 18 | All |
| Feed blends | ||||||||
| 105 | GFLI (2020) | 3 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 21 | All |
| 98 | ForFarmers (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 22 | ForFarmer feed |
| Calf Rearing | ||||||||
| 67 | Wilms et al., 2022 (Milk powder) | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 20 | Milk Powders |
| 68 | Finnegan et al., 2016 (Whole milk powder) | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 20 | Whole milk powder |
| Supplements | ||||||||
| 105 | GFLI (2020) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 22 | All |
| 72 | Budsberg (2020) | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 18 | Envirolac & Megalac |
| Amino acids | ||||||||
| 91 | The Carbon Catalogue (2022) | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 19 | All |
| Poultry feeds | ||||||||
| 105 | GFLI (2020) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 22 | All |
| Home grown feeds & bedding | ||||||||
| N/A | No Emissions factors | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | All | |
| Bedding | ||||||||
| 17 | ADAS (2009) | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 19 | All |
| 108 | ICE (2024) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 21 | Wood |
| 2 | ICE V2 (2012) | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 17 | Paper wool |
| 16 | DEFRA 2009 (Growing media) | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 18 | Compost |
| 3 | Williams et al., 2006 (production of commodities) | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 16 | Lime |
| EQUINE: Bedding | ||||||||
| 17 | ADAS (2009) | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 19 | All |
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | Plastics |
Wastes references
Click here to open the Wastes section
▶
| Ref ID | Source | A | C | Ti | Tr | G | Total | Relevant items |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Construction | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Books, glass and clothing | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Electrical items | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Metals | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Plastic | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Paper & Board | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Refuse | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
Distribution
Click here to open the Distribution section
▶
| Ref ID | Source | A | C | Ti | Tr | G | Total | Relevant items |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Road | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Rail | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Sea freight | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Air freight | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Refrigeration | ||||||||
| 12 | US EPA (2004) worksheet | 4 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 17 | All |
Processing
Click here to open the Processing section
▶
| Ref ID | Source | A | C | Ti | Tr | G | Total | Relevant items |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wineries sugars | ||||||||
| 105 | GFLI (2020) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 22 | All |
| Wineries Fermentation | ||||||||
| 113 | Prusova et al., (2023) | 4 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 19 | All |
| Wineries Products | ||||||||
| 18 | GFLI (2020) | 4 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 21 | Distiller grains |
| 62 | British Sugar LCA (2020) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | Sugar |
| 80 | Svinartchuk et al., (2017) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 15 | Products |
| 86 | BEIS [DESNZ] (2023) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | Distillers grains |
| Wineries Packaging | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | All |
| 109 | Idemat (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 20 | Corks |
| 71 | ENCIRC LCA (2021) | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 23 | Green glass |
| Wineries Refrigeration | ||||||||
| 12 | US EPA (2004) worksheet | 4 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 17 | All |
| Wineries Water | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Packhouses Refrigeration | ||||||||
| 12 | US EPA (2004) worksheet | 4 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 17 | All |
| Packhouses Packaging | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | All |
| Packhouses Water | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Dairies Water | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| Dairies Bottles and containers | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | All |
| Dairies Sugars | ||||||||
| 105 | GFLI (2020) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 22 | All |
| Dairies Packaging | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | All |
| Dairies Cleaners | ||||||||
| 103 | Evans Vanodine | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 24 | All |
| Dairies Refrigeration | ||||||||
| 12 | US EPA (2004) worksheet | 4 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 17 | All |
| On Farm Processing Water | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | All |
| On Farm Processing Refrigeration | ||||||||
| 12 | US EPA (2004) worksheet | 4 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 17 | All |
| On Farm Processing Jars and Bottles | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | All |
| On Farm Processing Crates and Packaging | ||||||||
| 107 | DESNZ (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | All |
| On Farm Processing Sugars | ||||||||
| 105 | GFLI (2020) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 22 | All |
Sequestration
Click here to open the Sequestration section
▶
| Ref ID | Source | A | C | Ti | Tr | G | Total | Relevant items |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Woodland, agroforestry & silvopasture | ||||||||
| 104 | Woodland Carbon Code (2024) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 24 | All |
| Hedgerows | ||||||||
| 22 | Axe et al., (2017) | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 21 | Generic |
| 25 | Falloon et al., (2004) | 3 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 17 | Generic |
| 99 | Crossland et al., (2015) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 18 | Generic |
| 101 | Robertson et al., (2012) | 3 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 17 | Generic |
| 87 | Drexler et al., (2023) | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 23 | Managed |
| 88 | Biffi et al., (2022) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | Managed |
| 89 | Biffi et al., (2023) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 25 | Managed |
| Perennial crops | ||||||||
| 26 | Kerckhoffs et al. (2007) | 3 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 15 | Orchard crops |
| 28 | Vicente-Vicente et al. (2016) | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 20 | Grape vines |
| 29 | Dondini et al. (2009) | 4 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 18 | Miscanthus |
| 30 | Rytter (2012) | 4 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 17 | Biomass crops |
| Field margins | ||||||||
| 25 | Falloon et al ., (2004) | 3 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 17 | All |
| Wetlands | ||||||||
| 13 | Taylor et al., (2010) | 4 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 18 | All |
| Land Use Change - losses | ||||||||
| 23 | Ostle et al., (2009) | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 19 | All |
| 44 | UoH AERU (2020) agri environment schemes | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 22 | Grassland to wetland |
| Higher tier stewardship and land management change | ||||||||
| 44 | UoH AERU (2020) agri environment schemes | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 22 | All |
| Cultivated peat soils | ||||||||
| 21 | Taft et al., (2017) | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 18 | All |
| Uncultivated Peatland soils | ||||||||
| 82 | Evans et al., (2023) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 22 | All |
| Country side stewardship schemes | ||||||||
| 63 | UoH AERU (2020) agri environment schemes | 3 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 20 | All |
| ISLE OF MAN: Agri-environment schemes | ||||||||
| 63 | UoH AERU (2020) agri environment schemes | 3 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 20 | All |